Coal India Limited: Powering India’s Energy Future

Coal India Limited (CIL) stands as a cornerstone of India’s energy landscape, driving the nation’s energy security while aligning with sustainable development goals.

Company Profile

Headquartered in Kolkata, West Bengal, CIL operates under the Ministry of Coal, Government of India, and holds Maharatna status, reflecting its pivotal role in meeting India’s energy demands. Established in 1975, the company celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2025, marking five decades of fueling India’s growth through coal production and supply. CIL is the nation’s largest coal producer, contributing approximately 74% of India’s total coal production in FY 2024-25, with a record-breaking output of 781.06 million tonnes (MT).

CIL’s operations span 310 mines across eight states, utilizing open-cast, underground, and mixed mining formats to produce both coking and non-coking coal. The company is committed to delivering affordable, reliable, and environmentally responsible energy, supporting India’s vision of Viksit Bharat—a developed nation by 2047. Beyond coal, CIL is diversifying into renewable energy, coal gasification, critical minerals, and thermal power projects, positioning itself as a global player in the primary energy sector. Its mission emphasizes eco-friendly production and marketing of coal, prioritizing safety, conservation, and quality, while its vision focuses on ensuring energy security through sustainable growth and best practices from mine to market.

CIL’s core values revolve around integrity, commitment to meeting national energy demands, and fostering a culture of learning and innovation. The company operates through ten wholly-owned subsidiaries, including coal-producing entities like South Eastern Coalfields Limited (SECL), Mahanadi Coalfields Limited (MCL), and specialized subsidiaries like CIL Navikarniya Urja Limited for renewable energy initiatives. With a workforce of 220,272 employees and a robust governance framework aligned with the Companies Act, 2013, Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS), and SEBI regulations, CIL ensures transparency and accountability. Its financial strength is evident with a net worth of ₹99,105 crore, a market capitalization of ₹245,400 crore, and a consistent dividend payout, reinforcing its role as a key contributor to India’s economy.

Business Segments

CIL’s business operations are strategically divided into several segments, each contributing to its overarching goal of energy security and sustainable growth. Below is a detailed breakdown of its business segments, including comprehensive details and estimated revenue contributions based on operational data.

1. Coal Mining and Production
   • Description: The core business segment, encompassing the exploration, extraction, and processing of coking and non-coking coal across 310 mines. CIL produced 781.06 MT of coal in FY 2024-25, with 25.44 MT from underground coking mines and 755.61 MT from opencast non-coking mines. The segment includes mechanized mining, surface miners, and high-wall mining techniques to enhance productivity and safety.
   • Key Initiatives: Implementation of First-Mile Connectivity (FMC) projects to improve coal evacuation, with 37 completed projects enabling 373.5 MT per annum transport capacity. Commissioned rapid-loading silos and computerized Coal Handling Plants, such as at Dipka (SECL), increasing capacity from 15 MTPA to 40 MTPA.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 90% of total revenue (₹1,26,957 crore from net sales), driven by coal offtake of 762.98 MT, with 616.17 MT supplied to the power sector and 145.31 MT to the non-power sector.
   • Linked Capitals: Financial, Manufactured, Natural, Human.
2. Coal Washeries and Beneficiation
   • Description: CIL operates 13 washeries, with a focus on improving coal quality by reducing ash content. The segment produced 2.42 MT of washed coking coal in FY 2024-25, the highest in a decade, with an 8% growth in production. The Ib Valley Washery (MCL) is India’s largest non-coking washery at 10 MTPA.
   • Key Initiatives: Monetization of the Dugda Washery (BCCL) through an O&M concession model, marking India’s first coal washery monetization. Eight additional washeries are under construction to meet stringent quality norms.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 5% of total revenue, attributed to value-added washed and beneficiated coal products.
   • Linked Capitals: Manufactured, Intellectual, Natural.
3. Renewable Energy
   • Description: CIL is diversifying into renewable energy, with a cumulative commissioned solar capacity of 209.08 MW, including 114 MW ground-mounted and 12.11 MW rooftop projects. Key projects include a 300 MW solar project at Khavda secured at ₹2.55/kWh.
   • Key Initiatives: Targeting 3 GW by FY 2027-28 for Net Zero and an additional 6.5 GW by FY 2029-30. Captive solar projects offset 100 GWh of grid electricity, reducing Scope 2 emissions.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 2% of total revenue, primarily from internal cost savings and energy sales.
   • Linked Capitals: Natural, Financial, Intellectual.
4. Coal Gasification and Chemicals
   • Description: CIL is venturing into coal-to-chemicals through joint ventures, including Bharat Coal Gasification & Chemicals Limited (with BHEL) for a 0.66 MT per annum ammonium nitrate project at Lakhanpur, Odisha, and Coal Gas India Limited (with GAIL) for synthetic natural gas (SNG) projects at Sonepur-Bazari and Chandrapur.
   • Key Initiatives: Signed agreements for financial support of ₹1,350 crore per project. The technology gasifies high-ash coal (18-30%), supporting urea plants and city gas supply.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 1% of total revenue, as projects are in early stages.
   • Linked Capitals: Intellectual, Financial, Social & Relationship.
5. Critical Minerals
   • Description: CIL is exploring critical mineral acquisition, emerging as a preferred bidder for two graphite blocks in Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. The company has MoUs with IREL India Limited and Curtin University, Australia, for rare earth elements and critical minerals development.
   • Key Initiatives: Participating in domestic auctions and exploring overseas assets in Australia, Argentina, and Chile.
   • Revenue Contribution: Negligible in FY 2024-25, as this segment is in the exploration phase.
   • Linked Capitals: Intellectual, Financial.
6. Thermal Power and Pump Storage Systems
   • Description: CIL is developing pithead-based thermal power projects, including a 2×800 MW ultra-super-critical plant by MCL (MBPL) and a 2×800 MW JV with Damodar Valley Corporation in Jharkhand. Pump Storage Systems (PSPs) are being explored with EDF India for long-duration energy storage.
   • Key Initiatives: Capital investment of ₹16,000 crore for MBPL and ₹16,500 crore for the Jharkhand project. Pre-feasibility reports for PSPs in abandoned mines are under review.
   • Revenue Contribution: Negligible in FY 2024-25, as projects are under development.
   • Linked Capitals: Financial, Manufactured, Natural.

Revenue Breakup Summary:

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• Coal Mining and Production: 90%
• Coal Washeries and Beneficiation: 5%
• Renewable Energy: 2%
• Coal Gasification and Chemicals: 1%
• Critical Minerals: 0%
• Thermal Power and Pump Storage: 0%

Products and Services Offered

CIL’s product and service portfolio is centered on coal production and extends to value-added and diversified offerings. Below is a detailed list with comprehensive details and revenue contributions.

1. Coking Coal
   • Description: High-quality coal used in steel production, primarily extracted from underground mines. CIL produced 25.44 MT of coking coal in FY 2024-25.
   • Applications: Supplies steel industries, with a focus on reducing import dependency through domestic washeries.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 10% of coal mining revenue (9% of total revenue).
   • Linked Capitals: Manufactured, Natural.
2. Washed and Beneficiated Coal
   • Description: Processed coal with reduced ash content, improving combustion efficiency. CIL produced 2.42 MT of washed coking coal, with a 12.7% growth in raw coking coal feed to washeries.
   • Applications: Supplies power and industrial sectors requiring high-quality fuel.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 5% of total revenue (included in washeries segment).
   • Linked Capitals: Manufactured, Intellectual.
3. Non-Coking Coal
   • Description: Primary fuel for power generation, extracted from opencast mines (755.61 MT in FY 2024-25). Constitutes 89% of India’s coal reserves.
   • Applications: Supplies 616.17 MT to the power sector and 145.31 MT to non-power industries like cement, fertilizers, and sponge iron.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 80% of total revenue, driven by high-volume offtake.
   • Linked Capitals: Manufactured, Natural.
4. Semi-Coking Coal and Middlings
   • Description: Intermediate-grade coal and by-products from washeries, used in specific industrial applications.
   • Applications: Supplies niche industries with tailored fuel requirements.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 1% of total revenue.
   • Linked Capitals: Manufactured.
5. Rejects
   • Description: By-products from coal processing, used in low-value applications or waste management.
   • Applications: Limited industrial use or disposal under environmental norms.
   • Revenue Contribution: Negligible.
   • Linked Capitals: Natural.
6. Neem-Coated Urea (JV Product)
   • Description: Produced through a joint venture (Hindustan Urvarak & Rasayan Limited), leveraging coal gasification by-products.
   • Applications: Supplies agricultural sector for enhanced crop productivity.
   • Revenue Contribution: Negligible in FY 2024-25, as production is through a JV.
   • Linked Capitals: Social & Relationship, Intellectual.
7. Solar Energy
   • Description: Generated 202.19 lakh units from 209.08 MW solar capacity, offsetting 100 GWh of grid electricity.
   • Applications: Internal consumption and sales to power grids, reducing Scope 2 emissions.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 2% of total revenue.
   • Linked Capitals: Natural, Financial.
8. Coal-to-Chemicals (Ammonium Nitrate and SNG)
   • Description: Emerging products from coal gasification, including ammonium nitrate (0.66 MT per annum at Lakhanpur) and synthetic natural gas (1.83 MMSCMD at Sonepur-Bazari and Chandrapur).
   • Applications: Supplies urea plants, city gas networks, and industrial applications.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 1% of total revenue, as projects are in early stages.
   • Linked Capitals: Intellectual, Financial.

Revenue Breakup Summary:

• Non-Coking Coal: 80%
• Coking Coal: 9%
• Washed and Beneficiated Coal: 5%
• Solar Energy: 2%
• Coal-to-Chemicals: 1%
• Semi-Coking Coal and Middlings: 1%
• Rejects: 0%
• Neem-Coated Urea: 0%

Company History

Founded in 1975, Coal India Limited emerged during a transformative period for India’s energy sector following the nationalization of coal mines. The government established CIL to consolidate coal production under a single entity, ensuring energy security and supporting industrial growth. Starting with a modest production of 79 million tonnes in 1975, CIL has grown into the world’s largest coal producer, achieving 781.06 MT in FY 2024-25. Its journey reflects India’s economic and industrial evolution, with coal remaining a dominant fuel, contributing 72% of the country’s electricity generation.

In its early years, CIL focused on scaling production to meet rising energy demands, establishing subsidiaries like South Eastern Coalfields Limited (SECL) and Bharat Coking Coal Limited (BCCL). By the 1980s, CIL expanded its operational footprint, introducing mechanized mining and improving safety standards. The 1990s saw CIL navigating economic liberalization, enhancing efficiency and beginning its journey toward sustainability. The company achieved Maharatna status in 2011, granting it greater autonomy to pursue strategic investments and global expansion.

The 2000s marked a period of modernization, with investments in large equipment, coal evacuation infrastructure, and digital technologies. CIL’s initial public offering (IPO) in 2010 was a landmark event, reinforcing its financial strength and enabling consistent dividend payouts. By the 2010s, CIL began diversifying into renewable energy and coal gasification, aligning with India’s clean energy goals. The commissioning of solar projects and joint ventures for coal-to-chemicals marked significant milestones.

In 2025, CIL celebrated its 50th anniversary, reflecting on its role in powering India’s growth while committing to sustainability. Key achievements include achieving a CAGR of 7% in coal production, implementing 37 FMC projects, and securing environmental clearances for 31 proposals. The company’s roadmap targets 1 billion tonnes of coal production by FY 2028-29, alongside 9.5 GW of renewable capacity by FY 2029-30, underscoring its dual focus on energy security and environmental responsibility.

Brands

CIL operates primarily under its corporate brand and through its subsidiaries, which function as operational brands with distinct identities. Below is a detailed list of brands and their contributions.

1. Coal India Limited (Corporate Brand)
   • Description: The umbrella brand representing the company’s legacy, Maharatna status, and commitment to energy security. It encompasses coal production, sustainability initiatives, and diversification ventures.
   • Revenue Contribution: Represents the consolidated revenue of ₹1,43,369 crore, with net sales of ₹1,26,957 crore.
   • Key Initiatives: 50th anniversary celebrations, CSR programs like Thalassemia Bal Seva Yojana, and the Prerna scholarship scheme.
2. South Eastern Coalfields Limited (SECL)
   • Description: Operates 76 mines in Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh, producing 167.487 MT. Gevra OC is CIL’s top-producing mine at 56.03 MT.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 23% of coal production revenue (₹29,130 crore).
   • Key Initiatives: Commissioned rapid-loading silos at Dipka, increasing capacity to 40 MTPA.
3. Mahanadi Coalfields Limited (MCL)
   • Description: CIL’s flagship subsidiary, producing 225.174 MT (29% of total production) in Odisha.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 29% of coal production revenue (₹36,820 crore).
   • Key Initiatives: Operates India’s largest non-coking washery (Ib Valley, 10 MTPA) and a 50 MW solar project at Patnagarh.
4. Bharat Coking Coal Limited (BCCL)
   • Description: Produces 40.502 MT in Jharkhand, focusing on coking coal for steel industries.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 5% of coal production revenue (₹6,350 crore).
   • Key Initiatives: Monetized Dugda Washery, marking India’s first washery monetization.
5. Central Coalfields Limited (CCL)
   • Description: Operates 53 mines in Jharkhand, producing 87.537 MT.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 12% of coal production revenue (₹15,240 crore).
   • Key Initiatives: Commissioned 20 MW solar project in Piparwar and supports CSR initiatives like SECL ki Dhadkan.
6. Northern Coalfields Limited (NCL)
   • Description: Produces 139 MT in Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh, operating 10 mines.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 18% of coal production revenue (₹22,860 crore).
   • Key Initiatives: Awarded for environmental conservation at the World Environmental Conference 2018.
7. Eastern Coalfields Limited (ECL)
   • Description: Produces 52.035 MT in West Bengal and Jharkhand, achieving its highest production since inception.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 7% of coal production revenue (₹8,890 crore).
   • Key Initiatives: Developed Sindoor Park eco-park in Jhanjra Area.
8. Western Coalfields Limited (WCL)
   • Description: Operates 59 mines in Maharashtra, producing 69.121 MT.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 9% of coal production revenue (₹11,430 crore).
   • Key Initiatives: Established Integrated Command and Control Centre (ICCC) for real-time monitoring.
9. Central Mine Planning and Design Institute Limited (CMPDIL)
   • Description: Provides consultancy services for mine planning and design, generating ₹2,478 crore in revenue.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 2% of total revenue.
   • Key Initiatives: Received ISO 37001:2016 certification for Anti-Bribery Management Systems.
10. CIL Navikarniya Urja Limited (CNUL) and CIL Solar PV Limited (CSPL)
    • Description: Dedicated to renewable energy projects, managing 209.08 MW of solar capacity.
    • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 2% of total revenue (included in renewable energy segment).
    • Key Initiatives: Secured 300 MW solar project at Khavda.
11. CSR Initiatives (Thalassemia Bal Seva Yojana, Prerna, etc.)
    • Description: Branded CSR programs enhancing community welfare, including healthcare (Thalassemia Bal Seva Yojana for 700 children) and education (Prerna scholarship scheme).
    • Revenue Contribution: Non-revenue generating but incurred ₹850.17 crore in expenditure.
    • Key Initiatives: Recognized with Golden Peacock CSR Award and Green World Award (Gold).

Revenue Breakup Summary:

• Coal India Limited (Consolidated): 10% (non-subsidiary operations)
• MCL: 29%
• SECL: 23%
• NCL: 18%
• CCL: 12%
• WCL: 9%
• ECL: 7%
• BCCL: 5%
• CMPDIL: 2%
• CNUL/CSPL: 2%
• CSR Initiatives: 0% (non-revenue)

Geographical Presence

CIL’s operations span eight Indian states and one foreign subsidiary in Mozambique, with a focus on coal production and emerging diversification ventures. Below is a detailed list with revenue contributions.

1. West Bengal
   • Operations: Headquartered in Kolkata, with ECL producing 52.035 MT and North Eastern Coalfields (NEC) managed directly by CIL.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 7% of coal production revenue (₹8,890 crore).
   • Key Initiatives: Sindoor Park eco-park development by ECL.
2. Jharkhand
   • Operations: BCCL (40.502 MT) and CCL (87.537 MT) operate 53 and 33 mines, respectively.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 17% of coal production revenue (₹21,590 crore).
   • Key Initiatives: Dugda Washery monetization (BCCL) and 20 MW solar project in Giridih (CCL).
3. Chhattisgarh
   • Operations: SECL operates 76 mines, producing 167.487 MT.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 23% of coal production revenue (₹29,130 crore).
   • Key Initiatives: Preferred bidder for Oranga-Revatipur Graphite and Vanadium block.
4. Odisha
   • Operations: MCL operates 18 mines, producing 225.174 MT, the highest among subsidiaries.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 29% of coal production revenue (₹36,820 crore).
   • Key Initiatives: Ib Valley Washery and 50 MW solar project at Patnagarh.
5. Madhya Pradesh
   • Operations: NCL (139 MT) and SECL operate mines, with NCL managing 10 mines.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 18% of coal production revenue (₹22,860 crore).
   • Key Initiatives: Preferred bidder for Khattali Chhoti Graphite block.
6. Maharashtra
   • Operations: WCL operates 59 mines, producing 69.121 MT.
   • Revenue Contribution: Approximately 9% of coal production revenue (₹11,430 crore).
   • Key Initiatives: ICCC for real-time operational monitoring.
7. Assam
   • Operations: NEC, directly managed by CIL, contributes minimally to production.
   • Revenue Contribution: Negligible.
   • Key Initiatives: Small-scale operations supporting local energy needs.
8. Mozambique (Coal India Africana Limitada)
   • Operations: Foreign subsidiary exploring coal assets, with limited production.
   • Revenue Contribution: Negligible.
   • Key Initiatives: Focus on critical mineral exploration.

Revenue Breakup Summary:

• Odisha: 29%
• Chhattisgarh: 23%
• Madhya Pradesh: 18%
• Jharkhand: 17%
• Maharashtra: 9%
• West Bengal: 7%
• Assam: 0%
• Mozambique: 0%

Financial Statements

Below are the consolidated financial statements for FY 2024-25, presented in tabular format.

Consolidated Profit and Loss Statement

Consolidated Balance Sheet

Consolidated Cash Flow Statement

Subsidiaries, Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries, and Associates

CIL operates through ten wholly-owned subsidiaries and several joint ventures. Below is a comprehensive list with details and revenue contributions.

1. South Eastern Coalfields Limited (SECL)
   • Details: Operates 76 mines in Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh, producing 167.487 MT. Employs 35,872 people.
   • Revenue Contribution: ₹32,124 crore (23% of total revenue).
   • Key Initiatives: Commissioned rapid-loading silos at Dipka.
2. Mahanadi Coalfields Limited (MCL)
   • Details: Operates 18 mines in Odisha, producing 225.174 MT. Employs 21,808 people.
   • Revenue Contribution: ₹46,996 crore (29% of total revenue).
   • Key Initiatives: Ib Valley Washery and MBPL thermal power project.
3. Bharat Coking Coal Limited (BCCL)
   • Details: Operates 33 mines in Jharkhand, producing 40.502 MT. Employs 33,096 people.
   • Revenue Contribution: ₹17,450 crore (5% of total revenue).
   • Key Initiatives: Monetized Dugda Washery.
4. Central Coalfields Limited (CCL)
   • Details: Operates 53 mines in Jharkhand, producing 87.537 MT. Employs 20,184 people.
   • Revenue Contribution: ₹24,066 crore (12% of total revenue).
   • Key Initiatives: 20 MW solar project in Piparwar.
5. Northern Coalfields Limited (NCL)
   • Details: Operates 10 mines in Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh, producing 139 MT. Employs 13,312 people.
   • Revenue Contribution: ₹21,060 crore (18% of total revenue).
   • Key Initiatives: Environmental conservation awards.
6. Eastern Coalfields Limited (ECL)
   • Details: Operates 60 mines in West Bengal and Jharkhand, producing 52.035 MT. Employs 35,138 people.
   • Revenue Contribution: ₹13,312 crore (7% of total revenue).
   • Key Initiatives: Sindoor Park eco-park.
7. Western Coalfields Limited (WCL)
   • Details: Operates 59 mines in Maharashtra, producing 69.121 MT. Employs 36,606 people.
   • Revenue Contribution: ₹37,528 crore (9% of total revenue).
   • Key Initiatives: ICCC implementation.
8. Central Mine Planning and Design Institute Limited (CMPDIL)
   • Details: Provides consultancy services for mine planning and design. Employs 2,708 people.
   • Revenue Contribution: ₹2,478 crore (2% of total revenue).
   • Key Initiatives: ISO 37001:2016 certification.
9. CIL Navikarniya Urja Limited (CNUL)
   • Details: Focuses on renewable energy projects, managing solar initiatives.
   • Revenue Contribution: Included in renewable energy segment (2% of total revenue).
   • Key Initiatives: Part of 300 MW Khavda solar project.
10. CIL Solar PV Limited (CSPL)
    • Details: Dedicated to solar energy development, contributing to 209.08 MW capacity.
    • Revenue Contribution: Included in renewable energy segment (2% of total revenue).
    • Key Initiatives: Rooftop solar projects across subsidiaries.
11. Coal India Africana Limitada (CIAL)
    • Details: Foreign subsidiary in Mozambique, exploring coal and critical mineral assets.
    • Revenue Contribution: Negligible.
    • Key Initiatives: Critical mineral exploration.

Joint Ventures:

1. Bharat Coal Gasification & Chemicals Limited (CIL and BHEL)
   • Details: Developing a 0.66 MT per annum ammonium nitrate project in Lakhanpur, Odisha.
   • Revenue Contribution: Negligible (project under development).
2. Coal Gas India Limited (CIL and GAIL)
   • Details: Developing 1.83 MMSCMD SNG projects in Sonepur-Bazari and Chandrapur.
   • Revenue Contribution: Negligible (project under development).
3. Hindustan Urvarak & Rasayan Limited (HURL)
   • Details: Produces neem-coated urea, chaired by Mukesh Agrawal.
   • Revenue Contribution: Negligible (external revenue through JV).
4. Coal Lignite Urja Vikas Private Limited
   • Details: Focuses on coal and lignite-based energy projects.
   • Revenue Contribution: Negligible.
5. CIL Rajasthan Akshay Urja Limited
   • Details: JV with RVUNL for thermal power expansion in Rajasthan.
   • Revenue Contribution: Negligible (project under development).

Revenue Breakup Summary:

• MCL: 29%
• SECL: 23%
• NCL: 18%
• CCL: 12%
• WCL: 9%
• ECL: 7%
• BCCL: 5%
• CMPDIL: 2%
• CNUL/CSPL: 2%
• CIAL: 0%
• Joint Ventures: 0%

Physical Properties

CIL’s physical infrastructure supports its extensive operations across India. Below is a detailed list.

1. Mines (310)
   • Details: 129 underground, 13 mixed, and 168 opencast mines across eight states. Key mines include Gevra OC (SECL, 56.03 MT) and Kaniha OCP (MCL).
   • Locations: West Bengal, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Assam.
2. Washeries (13)
   • Details: Includes Ib Valley Washery (MCL, 10 MTPA) and Dugda Washery (BCCL). Eight additional washeries under construction.
   • Locations: Primarily in Jharkhand, Odisha, and Chhattisgarh.
3. Coal Handling Plants and Silos
   • Details: Computerized Coal Handling Plant at Dipka (SECL) with 40 MTPA capacity. 37 FMC projects enable 373.5 MT per annum transport capacity.
   • Locations: Across subsidiaries, with key facilities in Chhattisgarh and Odisha.
4. Solar Projects (209.08 MW)
   • Details: 114 MW ground-mounted (e.g., 50 MW in Patnagarh, MCL) and 12.11 MW rooftop projects.
   • Locations: Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and Maharashtra.
5. Eco-Parks (33)
   • Details: Includes Sindoor Park (ECL) with 2 lakh annual footfall. 44 additional parks approved by FY 2030.
   • Locations: Across mining areas, primarily in West Bengal and Jharkhand.
6. Integrated Command and Control Centres (ICCCs)
   • Details: Operational in WCL, NEC, SECL, MCL, and BCCL, featuring AI/ML-based analytics for real-time monitoring.
   • Locations: Maharashtra, Assam, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Jharkhand.
7. Corporate Offices
   • Details: Headquartered in Kolkata, with subsidiary offices in respective states.
   • Locations: Kolkata (CIL HQ), Ranchi, Bilaspur, Bhubaneswar, Nagpur, Dhanbad.
8. R&D Facilities
   • Details: Centre for Clean Coal Energy & Net Zero (CLEANZ) and 58 coal testing labs.
   • Locations: Kolkata and across subsidiaries.

Founders Details

Coal India Limited was established in 1975 by the Government of India through the nationalization of coal mines, rather than by individual founders. The Ministry of Coal spearheaded the formation to consolidate coal production under a single public sector entity, ensuring energy security and industrial growth. The initiative was driven by the government’s policy to centralize control over coal resources, with no specific individual founders, as it was a state-led effort to meet national energy demands.

Board of Directors

CIL’s Board of Directors comprises a balanced mix of functional, government nominee, and independent directors, ensuring robust governance. Below is a detailed list.

1. Shri PM Prasad (Chairman-cum-Managing Director, DIN: 08073913)
   • Details: Assumed charge on July 1, 2023. Mining engineer from Osmania University, M.Tech in Open-Cast Mining from IIT-ISM Dhanbad. 39 years of experience, previously CMD at CCL. Awarded Best Mines Manager in 1995. Holds no CIL shares.
2. Smt Rupinder Brar (Government Nominee Director, DIN: 08584254)
   • Details: Additional Secretary, Ministry of Coal, 1990 batch IRS officer. Masters in Public Administration from National University Singapore. Served as Chief Commissioner of Income Tax. Holds no CIL shares.
3. Shri Ashish Chatterjee (Government Nominee Director, DIN: 07688473)
   • Details: Appointed July 24, 2025. 1999 batch IAS officer, Tamil Nadu cadre. B.Tech in Chemical Engineering from IIT. Served in Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas. Holds no CIL shares.
4. Dr. Vinay Ranjan (Director, Human Resource, DIN: 03636743)
   • Details: Assumed charge July 28, 2021. Expert in HR, led SAP HR implementations at VSNL and TTSL. INSEAD alumnus. Holds no CIL shares.
5. Shri Mukesh Choudhary (Director, Marketing & Business Development, DIN: 07532479)
   • Details: Assumed charge December 23, 2022. IOFS officer, Mechanical Engineering graduate. Holds 1,200 CIL shares.
6. Shri Mukesh Agrawal (Director, Finance, DIN: 10199741)
   • Details: Assumed charge February 8, 2024. Fellow member of ICAI, served as CFO at NUPPL. Holds 500 CIL shares.
7. Shri Achyut Ghatak (Director, Technical, DIN: 08923591)
   • Details: Assumed charge January 23, 2025. Mining Engineering graduate, 19 years in underground mines. Holds no CIL shares.
8. Shri Ghanshyam Singh Rathore (Independent Director, DIN: 09615384)
   • Details: Appointed March 1, 2023. BA from Hindu College, Delhi. Former Squadron Leader, expertise in management and technical operations. Holds no CIL shares.
9. CA Kamesh Kant Acharya (Independent Director, DIN: 09386642)
   • Details: Re-appointed March 28, 2025. FCA, LL.B. from Delhi University. 25 years in statutory audits and tax planning. Holds no CIL shares.
10. Smt Mamta Palariya (Independent Director, DIN: 07749007)
    • Details: Appointed March 28, 2025. Advocate with master’s and LLB from Kumaun University. Holds no CIL shares.
11. Shri Bhojarajan Rajeshchander (Independent Director, DIN: 02065422)
    • Details: Re-appointed March 28, 2025. Engineering graduate, former Chairman of Coimbatore Tea Traders Association. Holds no CIL shares.
12. Shri Punambhai Kalabhai Makwana (Independent Director, DIN: 09385881)
    • Details: Re-appointed March 28, 2025. B.Sc., industrialist, and agriculturist. Former MLA in Gujarat. Holds no CIL shares.
13. Shri Satyabrata Panda (Independent Director, DIN: 02736534)
    • Details: Appointed April 30, 2025. M.A. in Economics, journalist, and editor of Bhumi journal. Holds no CIL shares.
14. Shri Brajesh Kumar Tripathy (Chief Vigilance Officer)
    • Details: Assumed charge November 16, 2022. IRSE officer, B.E. in Civil Engineering from MNREC Allahabad. Holds no CIL shares.

Shareholding Details

As of March 31, 2025, CIL’s shareholding structure is as follows:

• President of India (through Ministry of Coal): 63.13%
• Other Investors (Institutional and Retail): 36.87%

The Government of India remains the majority shareholder, reflecting CIL’s status as a public sector enterprise. The balance is held by institutional investors (mutual funds, FIIs) and retail investors, contributing to its market capitalization of ₹245,400 crore.

Parent Company Details

CIL is a public sector undertaking under the Ministry of Coal, Government of India. It has no parent company in the private sector, as it was established through government-led nationalization in 1975. The Ministry of Coal provides strategic oversight, sets production targets, and guides CIL’s alignment with national energy and sustainability goals.

Investment Details

CIL’s investments in FY 2024-25 and passive investments include:

1. Capital Expenditure: ₹21,775.99 crore, primarily for large equipment, land acquisition, and coal evacuation infrastructure.
2. Asset Monetization: ₹8,462 crore, including ₹7,128 crore from three MDO projects, ₹830 crore from seven abandoned mines, and ₹504 crore from Dugda Washery.
3. Joint Ventures: Investments in Bharat Coal Gasification & Chemicals Limited, Coal Gas India Limited, HURL, Coal Lignite Urja Vikas, and CIL Rajasthan Akshay Urja.
4. Critical Minerals: Preferred bidder for two graphite blocks, with MoUs for critical mineral exploration in Australia, Argentina, and Chile.
5. Renewable Energy: 209.08 MW solar capacity, with investments in 114 MW ground-mounted and 12.11 MW rooftop projects.

Investment Breakup:

• Capex: 71%
• Asset Monetization: 27%
• Joint Ventures: 2%
• Critical Minerals: Negligible
• Renewable Energy: Included in capex

Future Investment Plan

CIL’s future investment plans align with its production and sustainability goals:

1. Coal Production: Target of 875 MT in FY 2025-26 and 1 billion MT by FY 2028-29, with ₹16,000 crore capex planned for FY 2026.
2. Renewable Energy: Targeting 3 GW by FY 2027-28 for Net Zero and 9.5 GW by FY 2029-30.
3. Coal Gasification: Advancing ammonium nitrate and SNG projects, with ₹1,350 crore financial support per project.
4. Thermal Power: ₹16,000 crore for MBPL (2×800 MW) and ₹16,500 crore for Jharkhand JV with DVC.
5. Pump Storage Systems: Collaboration with EDF India for PSPs in abandoned mines, with techno-commercial viability assessments ongoing.
6. Critical Minerals: Pursuing domestic and overseas acquisitions, including lithium assets in Australia.
7. Infrastructure: Expanding FMC projects, railway sidings, and washeries to enhance logistics and coal quality.